Gera Tools

EU Member State Reference

All 27 EU member states with accession year and currency.

Searchable reference of all 27 European Union member states with accession year, capital city, and whether they use the euro or their own national currency.

How many countries are in the EU?

There are 27 member states as of 2026, following the UK's departure (Brexit) in 2020. The most recent enlargement added Croatia in 2013.

The 27 member states of the European Union

The European Union is a political and economic union of 27 member states. This reference lists every member with its capital city, the year it joined, and whether it uses the euro or a national currency, plus a live search and eurozone filter.

How it works

Each country is tagged with its accession year (when it joined the EU or its predecessor the EEC) and a euro flag. The eurozone — the subset using the euro as legal tender — currently has 20 of the 27 members. Filtering toggles between all states, euro users only, and national-currency users only, and the search box matches on both country name and capital.

Notes and example

  • The six founding members (Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands) joined in 1958 with the Treaty of Rome.
  • Croatia, the newest member, joined in 2013 and adopted the euro in 2023.
  • Denmark holds a formal euro opt-out; Sweden has no opt-out but has not adopted the euro.
  • The United Kingdom left the EU in 2020 and is not included.