How are Easter-based holidays calculated?

Good Friday and Easter Monday are derived from Easter Sunday, which this tool computes with the anonymous Gregorian (Meeus/Jones/Butcher) algorithm. Good Friday is two days before and Easter Monday one day after.

Why are some holidays marked variable?

Variable means the date moves each year because it is tied to Easter rather than a fixed calendar date. Fixed holidays like Christmas always fall on the same day-month.

Are religious lunar holidays included?

No. Holidays based on the Islamic, Hindu, or other lunar calendars shift relative to the Gregorian calendar and are not computed here. The tool covers fixed-date and Easter-linked national holidays.

What about substitute or in-lieu days?

Many countries grant a substitute day off when a holiday falls on a weekend. This reference shows the official holiday date itself, not the moved observance, so always check local rules for the working day.

Is this list exhaustive for each country?

No. It covers the principal national public holidays. Regional, state, and provincial holidays vary widely and are not included, so treat this as a quick reference rather than a payroll source of truth.

Public Holidays by Country Reference

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Public holidays by country

National public holidays come in two flavours: fixed-date holidays that always fall on the same calendar day (Christmas on 25 December) and movable holidays tied to Easter, which shifts every year. This reference lists the major national holidays for a selection of countries and computes the Easter-linked dates for whatever year you enter.

How it works

Fixed holidays are stored as a month and day and simply attached to the year you choose. Easter-linked holidays are calculated from Easter Sunday, which this tool derives using the anonymous Gregorian algorithm (also called the Meeus/Jones/Butcher method). That algorithm takes the year and, through a series of modular-arithmetic steps based on the 19-year Metonic lunar cycle and the Gregorian leap-year corrections, returns the exact Sunday of Easter.

From Easter Sunday the tool offsets by a fixed number of days: Good Friday is two days earlier, Easter Monday one day later. Because Easter can fall anywhere from 22 March to 25 April, these holidays move several weeks year to year.

Tips and notes

Holidays that fall on a weekend are often observed on the nearest weekday; this tool shows the true date, not the in-lieu day.
Lunar-calendar holidays (Eid, Diwali, Lunar New Year) are not computed because they require astronomical or religious-authority data, not a fixed formula.
Regional holidays differ within a country — a US state holiday or a German Bundesland holiday will not appear in this national-level list.