How many letters are in the Hebrew alphabet?

There are 22 letters, all consonants, written from right to left. Vowels are normally added as small marks (nikud) beneath or beside the letters, but the base aleph-bet itself is the 22 consonant signs shown here.

What are the final (sofit) forms?

Five letters change shape when they fall at the end of a word: kaf, mem, nun, pe, and tsadi. These final forms are called sofit and are shown in the Final column. The gematria value is the same as the regular form.

Gematria assigns each Hebrew letter a number: aleph to tet are 1 to 9, yod to tsadi are 10 to 90, and qof to tav are 100 to 400. Adding the values of a word's letters gives its numeric value, a technique used in Jewish textual interpretation.

Why do some letters list two sounds?

Letters like bet, kaf, and pe have a hard and a soft pronunciation depending on a dot called dagesh. Bet is b or v, kaf is k or kh, and pe is p or f. Shin is sh or s depending on which side its dot sits.

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Hebrew Aleph-Bet Script Reference

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The Hebrew alphabet — the aleph-bet — has 22 letters, written right to left, all of them consonants. Five of those letters take a distinct shape at the end of a word, and each letter carries a traditional numeric value used in gematria. This reference lays out all of that in one filterable table.

How it works

Each row shows the letter’s print glyph, its name, its final (sofit) form if it has one, its gematria value, and a rough transliteration. The values follow the standard mispar hechrachi system:

Units — aleph (1) through tet (9)
Tens — yod (10) through tsadi (90)
Hundreds — qof (100), resh (200), shin (300), tav (400)

The five letters with final forms are kaf, mem, nun, pe, and tsadi. The final form is purely a positional spelling change; its gematria value is identical to the regular form. Click any row to copy the letter.

Example

The word שלום (shalom, “peace”) is built from shin (300), lamed (30), vav (6), and final mem (40). Because the mem comes at the end of the word it is written in its sofit form ם, and the letters’ gematria values sum to 376.

Notes

Vowels are written as separate nikud marks; the 22 letters here are consonants.
Letters with a dagesh dot can have a hard or soft sound, such as bet (b/v) and pe (p/f).
Use the filter to jump to a letter by name, sound, or numeric value.