Leet speak (from “elite”, written 1337) is an internet writing style that swaps letters for look-alike numbers and symbols. It grew out of 1980s bulletin-board and gaming culture. Level 1 is the gentlest variant: it uses only the handful of substitutions that stay easy to read, which makes it popular for usernames, gamer tags and casual chat.
How it works
The Level 1 mapping replaces six letters with the digits they resemble:
A -> 4 E -> 3 I -> 1
O -> 0 S -> 5 T -> 7
Encoding scans the text and substitutes each of these letters (in either case) with its digit, leaving every other character — other letters, spaces, punctuation — untouched. Because the swapped digits have no case, capitalisation is only preserved on the letters that are not substituted.
Decoding reverses the table: each 4 3 1 0 5 7 becomes a e i o s t. Since decoding cannot tell a deliberate number from a substituted letter, run it only on text you know is leet.
Example
The word ELITE becomes 3L173: E to 3, L stays, I to 1, T to 7, E to 3. The greeting leetspeak turns into l337sp34k. Decoding l337 returns leet.